新疆春小麦种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis in Main Characters of Spring Wheat Germplasm in Xinjiang

为了解新疆春小麦种质资源的遗传多样性,提高本地区小麦种质资源利用效率,本研究以210份新疆春小麦种质资源为材料对其主要农艺性状进行了多样性分析。结果表明:新疆春小麦种质资源遗传多样性丰富,平均遗传多样性指数1.993 8;9个性状中千粒重的遗传多样性最高,生育期的遗传多样性最低;将新疆不同年代审定或育成春小麦品种(系)划分为三个类群进行遗传多样性分析,2006至2010年选育的品种(系)遗传多样性最高,2011至2015年选育的品种(系)遗传多样性最低。采用聚类分析方法,将210份材料分为5大类群,第Ⅰ类群的材料综合性状表现最好,可以作为新疆春小麦新品种选育和品种改良的优异亲本。

The study analyzed genetic diversity based on main agronomic characters of 210 spring wheat germplasm in Xinjiang, which was to improve utilization efficiency of this area germplasm. The results showed that the genetic diversity of spring wheat in Xinjiang was abundant, the average genetic diversity index was 1.993 8;the genetic diversity index of 1000-grain weight was the highest character in nine characters, but the genetic diversity index of growth period was lowest; different time approval or bred spring wheat varieties（lines） in Xinjiang was divided into three groups for genetic diversity analysis, the genetic diversity index of the germplasm bred in 2006 to 2010 was highest, but the genetic diversity index of the germplasm bred in 2011 to 2015 was lowest. Using the method of cluster analysis divided 210 spring wheat varieties（lines） into five groups, the comprehensive characters performance of germplasm coming from the first group was the best, which could be acted as excellent parent for variety breeding and improvement in Xinjiang.