土地调整的合理性与必要性:一个研究述评

Rationality and Necessity of Agricultural Land Adjustment: A Research Review

研究目的:以公平和效率目标为线索探讨土地调整的合理性与必要性,以便更好地推动相关研究和指导土地产权管理制度的建设与完善。研究方法:文献资料法,对比分析法。研究结果:(1)从合理性来看,土地调整体现了村民的集体成员权,并在社会保障、土地利用效率与社会资源配置方面发挥较大作用;(2)从必要性来看,一方面市场补偿机制的缺失导致了调整对农业生产绩效负面影响的产生,另一方面,土地流转作为替代性机制运转受限,土地确权作为政策约束面临着实践困境的同时也忽视了调整的社会、政治功能。研究结论:在现阶段土地调整仍有一定的存在空间,未来要逐步健全调整的替代制度,并加强不同制度之间的衔接和配套建设。

The purpose of this study is to explore the rationality and necessity of agricultural land adjustment with fairness and efficiency objectives in order to better promote relevant research and to guide the construction and improvement of agricultural land property management system. The research methods are literature review and comparative analysis. The results of the study are as follows： First, the adjustment of farmland reflects the collective right of the villagers from the perspective of rationality and plays a large role in social security, land use efficiency and social resource allocation. Second, from the perspective of necessity, the lack of market compensation mechanism of land adjustment leads to the negative impact on the performance of agricultural production. In addition, the land transfer as an alternative mechanism is restrained, the land registration as a policy constraint faces practical dilemma while the adjustment also overlooks its social and political functions. In conclusion, the adjustment of agricultural land is still necessary on the current stage. In the future, we should gradually improve the adjustment system and enhance the convergence among different institutions and complementary institution construction.