挠力河流域土地利用变化及地形梯度效应分析

Terrain Gradient Effect Analysis of Land Use Change in Naoli River Basin

研究目的:探讨地形因素对土地利用格局变化的影响,揭示土地利用时空演变的原因、过程及机理,为区域土地利用规划与管理提供决策支持。研究方法:土地利用信息图谱法、地形位分析法和标准差椭圆分析法。研究结果:(1)各地类在地形梯度上表现出明显的层级分布特征,水田、草地、水域和未利用地的地形梯度优势分布区均为低区段,旱地和建设用地为低、中低区段,林地为中低、中高和高区段;(2)土地利用变化以稳定型和前期变化型为主,二者分布较为分散,稳定型主要为低、中低地形梯度的旱地和中、高地形梯度林地,前期变化型主要为低地形梯度的旱地和中地形梯度的林地二者转变为水田,其余图谱类型的比例均在5%以下,分布较为集中,主要表现为低地形梯度耕地内部结构转变。研究结论:在自然、社会和政策因素综合作用下,挠力河流域土地利用变化地形梯度效应显著,未来应加强对低地形梯度耕地和中、高地形梯度林地的规划管理。

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of terrain factors on land use pattern change, to reveal the reasons, process and mechanisms of land use spatial and temporal evolution, and to provide decision support for regional land use planning and management. The research methods include land-use information mapping, topographic position analysis and standard deviation ellipse analysis. The results show that： 1）the different land use types exhibit clear hierarchical distribution associated with the terrain gradient. The paddy fields are gradually accumulating on the low terrain gradient, the dry land are on the medium-low terrain gradient and the woodland are on the medium-high and high terrain gradient. 2）The main land-use changes are the stable type and pre-phase change type, which are more dispersed. The dry land with low and medium-low gradient and the forest land with medium and high gradient which have few change, belong to the stable type. The pre-phase change type includes the low gradient cultivated land that have an increasing number of paddy fields, and the medium gradient forest land that have been converted to cultivated land. The proportion of other mapping types are below 5%, the main type of which is the internal structure transformation of cultivated land with low gradient. Under the interaction of natural, social and political factors, the Naoli River basin terrain gradient effects of land use change are significant. We should strengthen the planning and management of low gradient cultivated land as well as medium and high gradient forest land in the future.