中国女子皮艇队7周“微缩大周期”训练负荷结构特征分析

Training Load Characteristic of Seven Weeks Miniature Cycle of Chinese Women's Canoeing Team

研究目的:对中国女子皮艇队第17届亚运会赛前7周的"微缩大周期"训练结构特征进行系统分析,为总结高水平运动队微缩大周期训练模式特征提供实证依据。研究方法:跟踪测试法、数理统计法、专家访谈法、文献资料法等。结论:7周"微缩大周期"整体训练量呈现"前高后低"的"赛前减量"特点,但水上训练减量的时间点比陆上训练更加推迟;有氧能力训练量呈现"前高后低"以及逐渐增加训练课次而缩短单次课训练距离的特征;耐酸能力训练呈现先逐渐上升,再逐渐下降的趋势;速度能力训练量呈现逐渐上升再波浪下降的趋势;有氧能力、混氧能力和速度能力主要通过单人艇进行训练,耐酸能力主要是通过双人艇和四人艇来进行等。

Purpose： This study analyzed the training load characteristics of seven weeks miniature cycle of Chinese Women＇s Canoeing Team before the 17 th Asian Games,for summarizing training pattern features of high level sports team. Methods： Tracking test,mathematical statistics,expert interview and literature review were used in this study. Conclusions： The overall training volume of the cycle is＂former high latter low＂and＂reduction before the game＂,and the time of volume reduction of water training is latter than that of land training; the training volume of aerobic capacity is＂former high latter low＂and gradually increases training frequency and shortens training distance; training volume of acid-resistant capacity gradually increases followed by gradual decline; training volume of speed ability training gradually increases followed by waved decline; the aerobic capacity,mixed-oxygen capacity and speed ability are mainly trained by one-seater boat training,and the acid-resistant capacity is mainly trained by double-seater and four-seater boat training.