中国传统身体观与身体践行的文化研究

Research on Culture of Chinese Traditional Body View and Body Practice

主要采用文献资料法,从中国传统哲学观念和身体表现形式等视角来追溯中国传统身体观的典型特征、变迁并对未来如何强健国人体质提供一些思路。研究认为:循着历史的演进归纳出中国传统身体观的4个特征:不以形体为崇拜对象、不以人体为审美对象、不以身心为二元对立、知觉体验与气类感通。从近、现代以来国人身体状况的真实写照基本反映出目前国人忽视体育精神这一严峻现实。建议:1)在当今社会,重新审视中国古代传统身体观的有益价值,另外要从西方身体观汲取营养(比如源自于古希腊崇尚"力与美"的西方身体观)。2)中国传统身体观对"心智健全"的认知要优于对"身体强健"的认知,因此,在中国传统身体观的基础上,要重视对每个人身体活力的培养,从而激发身体的潜能、高扬生命的激情最终提高生命的质量。3)寻求身体话语权,在当今社会环境转型下,要重视自己的身体传统,并勇于借鉴和吸收西方体育观,创新出属于自己的身体话语表达。

This study traced the typical characteristics and changes from the perspectives of traditional Chinese philosophy ideas and body form,and provided some ideas for how to strengthen the physique of Chinese people in the future,by the method of literature review. Conclusions： Following the historical evolution,Chinese traditional body view has four characteristics,which are ＂do not regard the body as the object of worship＂,＂do not regard the human body as an aesthetic object＂,＂do not regard the body and mind separated＂and＂perception and experience communicate with Qi＂. From modern times,the true portrayal of physical condition of Chinese people basically reflects the grim reality that Chinese people ignore the spirit of sports. Suggestions： 1） In today＇s society,we should re-examine the beneficial value of the traditional Chinese body view,and also draw nourishment from the Western body view（ such as the Western body view derived from ancient Greek and advocating＂power and beauty＂）; 2） Chinese body view of ＂sanity＂concept is superior to the cognition of＂fit＂,based on it,we should pay attention to the cultivation of the physical vitality for everyone,so as to stimulate the potential of the body,lift up the passion of life,and ultimately improve the quality of life; 3） in today＇s social environment transition,we should seek rights speaking for body,pay attention to one＇s own body traditions,and brave to learn from and absorb the western sports views,and create our own expression of the body.