HAND发病机制及其相关生物标志物研究进展

Pathogenesis and prospects for its biomarkers of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder

由于艾滋病病毒(HIV)的噬神经性,HIV侵入中枢神经系统可导致神经认知损伤。随着联合抗反转录病毒疗法(ART)的广泛使用,HIV相关神经认知障碍(HAND)的严重阶段HIV相关性痴呆患者显著减少,但轻型HAND的发病率确有升高趋势。现行的HAND诊断标准是基于临床评估、神经心理学测试和自我报告日常活动进行的诊断,难以准确地对HAND诊断和分类,亟待依据HAND发病机理探索敏感的、有效的生物标志物用于预测HAND的发生风险,辅助HAND的临床诊断及疗效评估。现将HAND发病机制研究最新进展及其相关生物标志物的探索进展进行综述。

The neuronophagy of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） can cause HIV associated neurocogni- rive disorders （HAND）. Along with the widespread use of combined antiretroviral therapy （cART）, the number of the patients with most severe and progressive HAND has been reduced much while the morbidity of mild HAND increases. It is often difficult to make a definitive diagnosis of HAND, as the current HAND diagnostic criteria are based upon the clinical assessment, the neuropsychological performance （NP） testing and the self-reported activities of daily living. It is thus meaningful to explore the sensitive and effective biomarkers based on the pathogenesis for predicting HAND and assisting clinical diagnosis and curative effect evaluation. This paper will give an overview of the research progress on HAND-pathogenesis and exploration process on its biomarkers.