2004-2016年甘肃省甘南州梅毒流行特征分析

Epidemiological features of syphilis in Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Gansu province,2004-2016

目的了解甘南州梅毒流行特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法,对2004-2016年甘肃省甘南州报告的梅毒病例资料进行"三间分布"分析。结果甘南州梅毒报告发病率从2004年的4.54/10万增长至2016年43.97/10万,年均增长20.83%。全州8个县(市)梅毒疫情均有显著的增长,不同地区梅毒报告发病率差异较大,碌曲县、玛曲县和夏河县发病率高达192.63/10万。男女性别比由2005年的2.13∶1下降至2016年0.56∶1;20~39岁性活跃人群报告病例数占报病总数的68.99%;≥65岁老年人群2005-2016年年均增长40.08%。在20种人群类别中,牧民报告病例占47.96%;农民年均增长30.91%。结论甘南州梅毒流行较为严重,尤以农牧区为重,应根据当地特点,制定有效的控制措施。

Objective To understand epidemiologic features of syphilis in Gannan prefecture of Gansu province, and to provide the scientific evidence for development of syphilis prevention strategies. Methods A descriptive epi- demiological study was conducted to analyze personal, spatial and temporal distribution of syphilis cases reported from Gannan prefecture between 2004 and 2016. Results The reported incidence rate of syphilis increased from 4.54 per 100 000 population in 2004 to 43.97 per 100 000 population in 2016, with an average annual increase of 20.83 %. There was a significant increase and marked variation in the reported incidence rate of syphilis in 8 coun- ties, with the highest in Luqu, Maqu and Xiahe counties, reaching 192.63 per 100 000 population. The sex ratio of male to female decreased from 2.13：1 in 2005 to 0.56 ： 1 in 2016. Among all age groups, the group aged 20-39 years showed high reported incidence of syphilis, accounting for 68.99% of all reported cases. The elderly group a- bove 65 years old had an average annual increase of 40.08% during 2005-2016. Out of 20 categories of occupations, the nomads accounted for 47.96 % of reported syphilis cases, and the farmers had maximum growth, with an aver- age annual increase of 30.91%. Conclusion The syphilis epidemic is severe in Gannan prefecture, especially in the agricultural and pastoral areas. Syphilis has been a major public health issue, and the effective measures should be taken urgently based on the local epidemiologic features so as to control syphilis.