19世纪《别琴竹枝词》对音系统中的方言构成

Dialect Constituents in the Phonetic System of “Pidgin Folk Poems” in the 19th Century

《别琴竹枝词》用汉语记录了19世纪的"洋泾浜英语"。全书共收注音词目300余条,涉及注音汉字近800例。通过分析其中注音汉字与外语词的对音规律可以考察当时中国皮钦语对应的汉语方音,能够确定流行于沪北通事间的这种混合语虽然以上海话为基础方言,但同时混杂有粤方言和闽方言成分,由此可以对早期中国皮钦语的发展和迁移提供借鉴和参考。

＂ Pidgin Folk Poems＂ is a collection of record on ＇Yang King Pang English＇ in the 19th Century, in which contains 300 entries out of 800 Chinese transcriptions. By analyzing the phonetic corresponding principles between Chinese transcriptions and foreign words, the dialect involved in the transcription could be ascertained. Primary survey indicates that the phonetic system of Chinese Pidgin English used by the interpreter at the northern part of Shanghai was based on Shanghai dialect, but also had some feature elements from Canton dialect and Min dialect. This conclusion will provide some evidence and reference on development and transfer of Chinese Pidgin Language in the early time.