弗洛伊德精神分析学说的男权文化阐释——兼及对女权主义的启示

The Phallocentric Interpretation of Freud's Psychoanalysis——and Revelation to Feminism

从意识形态(阳具崇拜)到思维逻辑(从生殖力的父性归属推导出性别权力的男性归属),再到男权制的两大保障机制("乱伦禁忌"与"族外通婚"),弗洛伊德的精神分析学说可以说内置了一整套完整的男权文化系统。男权立场的预设使得古老的男权文化在生理解剖学—临床心理学的科学外衣下获得了现代意义上的复活,同时又由其必然导致的反女权主义倾向不可避免地使得弗洛伊德学说成为女权运动第二次浪潮的矛头所指。但论证思路的错误并不能诋毁科学研究本身的认识价值,弗洛伊德的许多富于创建性、革命性的临床发现对于女权主义自身的理论反思乃至于今后的理论发展走向同样具有深刻的启示意义,辩证的科学态度将有助于对弗洛伊德学说的重新审视与重新发现。

Abstract：From ideology （phallus worship） to logical thinking （father of fecundity, belonging to patriarchy） two security mechanism （＂incest＂ taboo and ＂marriage within family＂ taboo）, Freud＇s psychoanalytic theory can be said with a complete set of patriarchal culture system. The ancient patriarchal culture is resurrected in the coat of modern Anatomy -Clinical Psychology, and its anti -feminist tendency inevitably makes Freud＇ s theory the target of the second wave of feminist movement. But the error in reasoning cannot slander the value of scientific research. Freud created many rich clinical and revolutionary theories significant for feminist reference and future development. Dialectical attitude will be helpful to reexamine and rediscover Freud＇s theory.