基于动态反应时间的全速度差模型

Full velocity difference model based on dynamic reaction time

为了描述真实路网交通流的跟驰行为,将车辆状态分为强跟驰、弱跟驰和自由行驶3种状态,考虑驾驶员对于不同间距的反应时间的差异性,提出了间距与速度差敏感系数函数,构建了基于动态反应时间的全速度差模型,并通过线性稳定性分析得到模型的临界条件。利用Matlab进行数值仿真,分别验证了模型在车辆启动加速、车辆避险减速和交通流从自由流状态向拥堵状态演变3种环境下的准确性,并与最优速度模型(OVM)和全速度差模型(FVDM)进行对比分析。结果表明:本文模型的启动延迟时间为1.5s,拥堵传播速度为17.76km/h,减速性能比FVDM模型提升了25%,本文模型能更有效地接近交通流的稳定状态。

In order to describe ear following behavior in real road traffic, the car following status is divided into strong car-following, weak car-following and free travel sub-status. Considering the difference of driver reaction time in different space headways, a space sensitivity and velocity difference functions, and a full velocity difference model based dynamic reaction time （DRVM） is established. The stability condition of this model is obtained by using linear stability theory. Three experiences, vehicle acceleration, vehicle emergency deceleration and change of traffic state from free flow to congestion, are simulated in MATLAB. Compared with Optimal Velocity Model （OVM） and Full Velocity Difference Model （FVDM）, simulation results show that the starting lag time of DRVM is 1. 5 s, the speed of congestion spreading is 17. 76 km/h, and the deceleration performance is improved by 25% compared with that of FVDM. The DRVM can be accord with the actual situation and close to stable traffic flow.