从福柯的“治理术”到阿甘本的“原始结构”——生命政治现代性构序的暴力双曲线

From Foucault's“Governmentality”to Agamben's“Original Structure”:The Violence Hyperbolic of Modern Order by Biopolitics

福柯以"治理术"的"规训权力学"为中心,在历史主义中讨论生命政治的结构演变史,从微观视角揭示资本主义阶级关系的新变化,这是生命政治的隐学暴力构序;阿甘本以"原始结构"的"至高权力学"为核心,在结构主义视阈内探究生命政治的抽象历史,这是对私有制社会的阶级关系的高度结构化的抽象,此种抽象把当代资本主义社会复杂的阶级关系表述为显赫的暴力二元结构。二者共同揭示了现代资本主义书写的生命政治"权力系谱"的双曲线:福柯偏倚"生"的生命政治与阿甘本偏重"死"的生命政治之间存在理论对话与思想一致性,即对生命的扶植亦是另一种形式的屠杀。

Focusing on the ＂discipline of power＂of＂governmentality＂,Foucult studied the changes of the structure of biopolitics in the history of evolution and revealed the new changes in the capitalist class relations from a micro perspective.Focusing on the ＂supreme power＂of the＂original structure＂,Agamben studied the abstract history of biopolitics from a structuralism perspective.This is a highly structured abstraction of class relations in the private ownership society.The hyperbolic of ＂Genealogy＂of biopolitics written by the modern capitalist was revealed.There exist some consistency between Foucault and Agamben,though there are also some differences.