负压伤口疗法促进创面愈合的分子机制研究进展

Advances in the research of molecular mechanism of negative pressure wound therapy in improving wound healing

负压伤口疗法（NPWT）对于改善创面环境，促进创面愈合疗效显著，但创面周围局部负压带来的病理生理变化一直存在争议。传统观点认为，NPWT通过引流创面过多的液体，可减轻创面间质水肿程度，减轻局部组织的毛细血管后负荷，有利于创面愈合。目前认为，负压在创面形成的剪切力，可导致细胞形变并在创周组织中形成低氧梯度，促进细胞的募集、增殖、分化，并最终促进血管形成和肉芽组织增生。这些病理生理变化涉及众多基因的表达变化，引起下游生长因子、炎性细胞因子和趋化因子的合成与分泌。然而，过多的新生肉芽组织可能会导致瘢痕过度增生，影响组织局部外观与功能。针对各类细胞因子的合成和分泌存在精细的负调控机制，本文就NPWT促进创面愈合的分子机制研究进展做一总结，以期为相关研究提供参考。

Recently, negative pressure wound therapy （NPWT） is a rising technology to improve wound healing. In clinical application, it benefits fast debridement and wound close, limits infection, and promotes wound healing. It is an ef- fective therapy for all kinds of acute or chronic wound. Current- ly, researches demonstrate that NPWT promotes angiogenesis, granulation tissue growth, and through regulating the signaling extracellular matrix remodeling of anti-inflammatory cytokines, mechanicalreceptor and chemoreceptor, which is related to sev- eral growth factors and inflammatory factors. Here we focus on the recent advances in the mechanism of NPWT in promoting wound healing, looking forward to providing a review of NPWT and related researches.