物种敏感度分布(SSD)方法在农药环境风险评估中的应用

The Application of Species Sensitivity Distribution(SSD) Method in Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticide

环境风险评估已逐渐成为农药安全管理的重要手段。作为一种高级阶段风险评估方法,物种敏感度分布(SSD)方法目前在我国农药登记环境风险评估中的应用仍然较少。综述了SSD方法的基本假设、原理、发展史、毒性数据的获取与筛选、模型构建、质量评价、不确定因子等,并且比较了SSD模拟结果与田间、半田间试验(例如微宇宙/中宇宙试验)结果之间的相关性,以期为我国农药环境风险评估过程中运用SSD方法进行高级风险研究并制定相关技术标准提供参考。

Environmental risk assessment has gradually become an important mean of pesticide safety management. As a high-tier risk assessment method, the species sensitivity distribution （SSD） study is seldom used in current risk assessment of pesticide registrations in China. The basic assumptions, principle, development history, toxicity data acquisition and selection, modeling, model quality evaluation, uncertain factor, etc. of SSD method were reviewed. In addition, the correlation between the outcomes of SSD simulation and field or semi-field test （such as micro/mesocosm test results） were also compared, which providing a reference for the use of SSD method for future high-tier pesticide environmental risk assessment in China.