东亚区域气候治理合作困境分析

The Analysis on the Dilemma of Climate Governance Cooperation in East Asia

在当前全球气候治理谈判进程缓慢背景下,区域层面的气候治理显得日益重要。然而,气候变化形势严峻的东亚地区并未能形成类似于欧盟一体化程度较高的气候治理合作机制。东亚国家因领土争端等安全议题使国家间关系相对紧张与复杂,在一定程度上阻碍了气候变化治理的区域性合作;域内国家发展现状差异较大,经济发展模式和能源消费结构的差别导致针对发展性问题的关切不同;在联合国框架下的治理机制中,分属不同气候谈判集团,所持立场也存在一定的分歧;加之外交传统惯性和域外其他行为体的影响,使得东亚区域气候变化治理一体化进程相对滞后,造成区域合作困境。在构建和推进东亚气候治理合作机制时,应注重在域内大国引导的基础上,通过协商一致以体现不同个体的利益诉求,并借鉴其他地区的治理经验,促使区域治理机制同国际层面的制度接轨。

Under the background of slow negotiation process on global climate governance, the international society pays attention to regional-level governance. However, there is no integrated cooperative institution on climate change issue like EU in East Asia where the current effect of climate change is increasingly severe. The disputes on the territory issues make the relations among East Asian countries more complex, exerting negative effects on regional climate governance. Because of the different development phases among East Asian countries, their different economic modes and energy consumption patterns lead to different concerns and priorities. East Asian countries join the different groups in international negotiations under the framework of UNFCCC, thus, they are more likely to hold different attitudes towards the climate governance action. Meanwhile, the diplomatic traditions and the influence of other actors from outside have further complicated the contradictions among East Asian countries and made the process of regional cooperation on climate change lag behind, which develops into cooperation dilemma. To construct and promote the coordination of climate governance in East Asia area, it is important to take the interest concern into the consideration by the consensus of member states under the leading roles of regional great powers, as well as drawing advanced experiences from other regions, enhancing the connections between regional and international institutions on climate governance.