中日韩跨界大气污染中的中国责任识别研究

The Research on Identification of China's Responsibility in China-Japan-ROK Trans-boundary Air Pollution Issue

跨界大气污染已成为国际环境外交关注的重要问题,清晰的责任界定是解决跨界大气污染问题的基础。本文提出了污染排放的"经济—环境"全过程分析方法,构建了跨界大气污染中的国家排放责任识别体系,研究指出:在界定责任时,首先,要从各国的发展阶段出发,保障其基本的发展排放权;其次,也要充分考虑各国为减轻环境污染而做出的超常减排努力;第三,还应重视国家间经济贸易往来中隐性的污染转移。基于此责任识别框架,对中日韩跨界大气污染问题中中国应承担的责任进行了定量分析,这为中国在环境外交中树立负责任大国形象提供了有力的理论和实证支持。

Trans-boundary air pollution has become an important concern of international environmental diplomacy. Defining national responsibilities clearly is absolutely essential to solve the trans-boundary air pollution problem. This paper systematically analyzed national emission responsibilities in trans-boundary air pollution by using the method of whole control process of pollution emissions analysis. Results show that, firstly, it is necessary to guarantee the rights of basic emissions for development of countries by considering their development stage. Secondly, the countries' extraordinary efforts in reducing pollutant emissions cannot be ignored. Thirdly, the embodied pollution transfer in international trade should also be attached importance to.Based on this responsibility identification framework, the responsibility that China should undertake in China-Japan-ROK trans-boundary air pollution was further analyzed quantitatively. This provides a strong theoretical and empirical support for China to establish a responsible image in environmental diplomacy.