声学超构表面

Acoustic metasurfaces

声学超构表面是当前声学领域的研究热点,其是一种由人工微单元构成的超薄平面结构,由于其具备平面、超薄等独特物理特性及对声波的灵活调控能力,使得其在降噪隔振、隐身技术、非接触操控物体等诸多声学领域具有重要的应用前景。文章以反射型、吸收型、透射型声学超构表面为框架,深入介绍超构表面高效调控声波的物理机制并举例展示了其构建复杂声场的能力,包括任意点反射聚焦、低频完美吸声、自弯曲声束、螺旋声波以及声能量非对称传输。

The study of acoustic metasurfaces is a hot research topic involving novel planar structures composed of artificial acoustic micro-units. Due to its planar, ultrathin physical features and the great capabilities of wavefront control, acoustic metasurfaces show great promise in various applications such as noise and vibration control, cloaking, and non-contact particle manipulation. The purpose of this review is to give a brief introduction to the capabilities of metasurfaces for reflection, absorption, and transmission. We will describe the underlying physics of wavefront control and show some intriguing examples of wave manipulation based on acoustic metasurfaces, such as focusing with a designed focal spot, perfect acoustic absorbers for low frequency sound, self-bending beams, vortex beams, and asymmetric acoustic transmission.