新型分层取水结构的研究与应用

Study and application of new type multi-level intake structure

为了满足灌溉水温、供水水质以及水库下游水生态发展的要求,目前一些大中型水利工程中逐步要求采取分层取水措施。通过对常用分层取水口结构优缺点的比较,设计了一种新型的分层取水口结构,具有结构简洁、控制设备简单、操作简便、工程造价低等特点。该新型分层取水结构以叠梁门分层取水口水工结构为基础进行体型优化,结合浮式取水口和机控斜卧式闸门控制设备特点创新设计出新型闸门——以半圆形连体闸门和串联闸门作为控制设备。经模型试验验证了应用该新型取水口的可行性,并在重庆玉滩水库重建工程中得以实际应用,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。目前,该新型分层取水结构能够在中型水利工程中的任意水位条件下取表温层水,下一步需要重点研究该取水结构在大型水利工程中的合理利用。

In order to meet the requirements of irrigation water temperature, water supply quality and the downstream water eco- logic development of reservoir, the adoption of multi-level intake measure is gradually required for some medium-large scaled wa- ter resources projects at present. Through the comparison made among the merits and defects of conventional multi-level intake structures, a new type of the multi-level intake structure is designed, which has the characteristics of concise hydraulic struc- ture, simple control equipment, convenient operation mode, lower construction cost, etc. The shape of the new type of multi- level intake structure is optimized in accordance with the hydraulic structure of the multi-level intake with stoplog gate, and then a new type gate is innovatedly designed in combination with the characteristics of the water intake on pontoon and the control equipment of the inclined horizontal gate taking semi-circular conjoined gate and series connection plane gate as the control equipment. Through the relevant model experiment, the feasibility of the application of the new type water intake is verified, while it is actually applied to the reconstruction project of Yutan Reservoir in Chongqing, from which better economic and social benefits are obtained as well. At present, the new type multi-level intake structure can take the surface warm water under the conditions of any water levels in medium scaled water resources projects, thus it is necessary to take how to reason- ably apply this water intake structure to the large scale water resources project as the direction of the emphasized study in the next step.