密胺餐具的鉴别及其三聚氰胺和甲醛迁移风险调查

Melamine identification and investigation of the migration risk of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine and formaldehyde from melamine food container

目的对密胺餐具中三聚氰胺和甲醛迁移量进行调查研究,并对数据进行分析。方法在上海的企业和消费市场采集密胺餐具共40份,采用红外光谱法进行材料鉴别,依照GB 4806.7—2016《食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品》和GB 31604.1—2015《食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则》进行迁移试验,测定三聚氰胺和甲醛迁移量。结果密胺餐具存在材质未标识、标识不清或标识有误的现象;脲醛树脂中三聚氰胺和甲醛的迁移量均高于密胺树脂,且迁出量与温度呈正相关。结论脲醛树脂应用于餐具存在风险,国家标准中有必要增加密胺材质鉴定检测方法。

Objective To investigate the migration of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine and formaldehyde from melamine food container. Methods Samples which were collected from markets in Shanghai were identified and categorized using infrared spectroscopy. Then the migration of 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine and formaldehyde were tested referring to GB4806. 7-2016 and GB 31604. 1-2015. Results Labelling of some samples were absent, incomplete or even incorrect. The migration amounts of formaldehyde from food container made of urea-formaldehyde resin were much higher than that of melamine. Conclusion Due to the high risk caused by migration of formaldehyde from urea-formaldehyde resin,methods should be established to identify different kind of resin of which the food containers were made.