儿童数字化X线摄影(DR)辐射剂量优化的研究

Optimize radiation dose in digital X-ray radiography in children

目的探讨改变管电流对儿童胸部X线摄影辐射剂量(DAP)的影响。方法收集0~14岁的青少年儿童,总例数为930例,随机分成A、B、C 3组,A组与B组为固定毫安秒(mAs)摄影组,分别固定为1.25mAs及1.00mAs,C组为mAs自动生成摄影组,由自动曝光控制系统自动形成,并将他们分为5个年龄段,比较A、B、C 3组之间的图像质量和DAP。结果 (1)3组间DAP比较差异有统计学意义(F=21.478,P<0.01)。B组与A、C组比较,DAP均值降低幅度分别为20%和24%。B组中DAP均值为最低。(2)各年龄段3组视觉评分(VGAS)均值差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在满足临床诊断的图像质量时,使用1.0mAs组拍摄可有效降低儿童青少年辐射剂量。

Objective To explore the method on reduction of radiation dose for children chest in digital radiography.Methods 930 children aged from 0 to 14 were randomly divided into A,B,C three groups.The mAs were fixed in A and B groups,1.25 mAs and 1.00 mAs respectively,and C group is auto-mAs group.All objects were divided into five age groups and the image quality and the radiation dose were compared among A and B,C groups at different age-stages.Results(1)The difference of radiation dose between the three groups was statistically significant(F =21.478,P <0.01).The mean DAP of B group was significantly lower compared with A or C group,which reduced 20% and 24%,respectively.(2)There was no significant difference in the mean VGAS of the three groups at all ages(P>0.05).Conclusion In order to satisfy the clinical diagnosis of image quality,1.0 mAs can effectively reduce the radiation dose of children and adolescents.