中国候鸟旅居地空间分布特征及影响因素研究

Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Chinese Sojourning Migratory Birds

"候鸟旅居"作为包含旅游、养生和闲居的全新生活方式,受到越来越多人的青睐。为了指导"候鸟旅居"活动的开展,基于GIS空间分析技术,综合利用数学地理统计模型,以全国240处候鸟旅居地为研究对象,运用平均最邻近指数、Ripley's K函数、核密度分析、样方分析等研究方法从不同角度分析了中国候鸟旅居地的空间分布特征,并探究影响候鸟旅居地分布的因素。结果表明,我国各省区的候鸟旅居地分布不均衡,呈现"东多西少,南多北少"的格局。从影响候鸟旅居地空间分布的因素上看,气候与环境对一个地方能否成为候鸟旅居地起决定性作用,而社会经济条件也会影响候鸟旅居地的分布格局,未来各项指标出色的地区也将孕育出更多的候鸟旅居地。

As a new way containing tourism,health and quiet of life,the 'sojourning migratory birds ' had gradually by more and more people's favor. In order to guide the activity of sojourning migratory birds,and provide the basis for the future development and planning,this paper based on GIS spatial analysis technology,combined the methods of mathematical statistics,geo statistical model and theories of environmental science,health science,took the 240 sojourning migratory birds' destination as the research object,and used the average nearest neighbor index,Ripley's K function,kernel density analysis,quadrate analysis and other research methods to analyze the different spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese sojourning migratory birds' destination from different angles. Meanwhile,the factors affecting the sojourning migratory birds' destination distribution were studied. The results showed that: The distribution of sojourning migratory birds' destination was not balanced in provinces and cities of China,showing 'more in east and less in west,more in south and less in north' pattern. From the influence factors of sojourning migratory birds' destination,the climate and environment factors played a decisive role for a place where could become a sojourning migratory birds' destination,and most sojourning migratory birds' destination lived in areas where tourism climate comfort index and ecological environment quality index were high. Besides,the social and economic conditions would also affect the distribution pattern in the sojourning migratory birds' destination. In the future,sojourning migratory birds' activities would break through geographical and type restrictions,and the places which had excellent conditions would appear more sojourning migratory birds' destination.