经团联与自民党“金权政治”的结构性解读

A Structural Interpretation of Plutocracy between Keidanren and Liberal Democratic Party of Japan

经团联作为日本财界的大本营,在战后很长时期内为自民党提供政治献金,对日本政治施加影响。经团联与自民党通过"政治献金"与"政策回报"的交换,实现财界金钱与国家权力的结合,从而形成了将国家权力私物化的"金权政治"。这种"金权政治"经历了组建与确立、巩固与蔓延、危机与转型三个阶段:战后初期经团联提供政治资金在确保自民党执政的同时完成金权政治的确立;经济高速增长时期"政官财权力铁三角"逐渐定型并加强了金权政治的控制力度;经济泡沫破灭后自民党政治与日本经济均陷危机,在社会舆论批判中金权勾联形态被迫向更为隐性和迂回的方式转型。

As the Japanese financial headquarters, Keidanren provided Campaign finance for Liberal Democratic Party（ LDP） and exerted influence on Japanese politics for a long time after World War II. Through the exchange of ＂ Campaign finance＂ and ＂ Policy returns＂, Keidanren and LDP achieved the combination of financial sector and state power, thus forming a plutocracy system by privatization of state power. The Plutocracy experienced three stages： formation and establishment, consolidation and development, crisis and transformation. In the early post-war period, Keidanren provided campaign finance for LDP on the power of the ruling party. As a result, the Plutocracy was established at the same time. During Japanese post-war economic miracle, the iron triangle of bureaucracy-finance-power was gradually formed and it in return strengthened the control of Plutocracy politics. After the economic bubble burst, both of LDP＇s internal politics and Japanese economy encountered a serious crisis. In consideration of public criticism, the Plutocracy system was forced to turn into another direction, which is more secretive and roundabout.