生态海堤理念与实践

The Conception and Practices of Ecological Sea Dyke

传统海堤建设破坏了海岸原有的动植物群落和自然景观,中断了陆海过渡带的生物廊道和生态缓冲带,导致海堤结构功能单一、景观单调。针对这些问题,提出了集物理、生态和文化功能于一体的生态海堤概念,并成功指导广西防城港市西湾红沙环生态海堤整治创新示范工程一期工程的规划和建设。本文总结了生态海堤建设时前期调查的一般步骤、空间规划时应遵循的一些科学原则,评估了生态海堤景观与防护功能的提升效果,分析了生态概念性规划被实际采纳率不高的原因,给出了今后生态海堤建设的选址建议。

The traditional sea dykes have the characteristics of simple function and monotonous landscape,owing to destroying the original coastal fauna,flora and natural landscapes,and interruption of biological corridors and buffer zones in coastal ecotone.In view of these problems,the concept of ecological sea dyke combining the physical,ecological and cultural functions in one was proposed,and successfully applied to guide the construction of first phase of Hongshahuan ecological sea dyke project,which was completed in Fangchenggang,Guangxi of China in 2015.In this paper,the general procedures of prior investigation and some scientific criteria should be followed when planning were summarized;the promoting effects of landscape and protection capacity were evaluated;the causes of less adoption from ecological conceptual planning were analyzed;and the suitable sites were suggested for the future ecological sea dyke construction.