基于三阶段数据包络分析模型的竹林生产效率研究

Research on bamboo production efficiency based on three-stage DEA model

林业生产效率是关系林业经济发展的重要问题。对林业生产效率进行科学地测算与分析,真实反映林业生产效率的实际状况,以期为提高林业生产效率提供科学依据。以竹林生产为例,基于浙江省安吉县6个行政村110户农户调查数据,应用三阶段数据包络分析(DEA)模型对农户竹林生产效率进行测算与评价分析。结果表明:环境变量中,户主受教育年限、竹林收入比例、家庭从事竹林生产人数、家庭经营竹林地块数对竹林生产效率有显著的负向影响;户主年龄、参与竹林生产技术培训、林权证的获得对竹林生产效率有显著的正向影响。在剔除环境效应和随机误差影响后,样本户竹林生产平均技术效率由0.537下降为0.436,平均纯技术效率由0.602上升至0.803,而平均规模效率则由0.891下降至0.556;竹林生产规模报酬均处于递增阶段。基于上述分析,提出降低竹林地细碎化程度,引导农户合理配置竹林生产投入要素,进一步明晰竹林地产权,加大对农户竹林生产技术培训力度等建议。

Forestry production efficiency is an important issue in the development forestry economics. Measuring and analysing the efficiency of forestry production scientifically, which reflect truly the actual situation of forestry production efficiency to provide a scientific basis for improving forestry production efficiency. This paper forecasted and evaluated bamboo production efficiency using the three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis（DEA） model. The dataset adopted in the study was first hand data, collected based on 110 surveys from 6 administrative villages in Anji County in Zhejiang Province. The results showed： Among the environment variables, significant negative effects were found for factors such as the years of education for the householder, income ratio for bamboo production compare to total income, the number of family members engaged in the production of bamboo, the total size of land for bamboo production; while the following elements showed significant positive effects for bamboo production： age of household head, involvement in technical training in bamboo production, and certificate of forestland. After excluding the impact of environmental effects and random errors,this studies found that the sample household bamboo production average technical efficiency value showed a significant decreased, from 0.537 to 0.436, while the average pure technical efficiency value from 0.602 to0.803, and the average scale efficiency value decreased from 0.891 to 0.556. At the same time, increasing return to scale was witnessed for bamboo production. Based on the above analysis, suggestions, such as reduce the fragmentation of bamboo forestland, guide farmers to allocate bamboo production factors rationally, clarify the property rights of bamboo forestland, strengthen technical training for farmers’ bamboo production, are put forward.