公司对外担保法律规范之效力探析

Analysis on the effectiveness of the legal norms of corporation external guarantee

我国公司对外担保规则,经由《公司法》第16条直接确立,该条与物权法、合同法、担保法及其解释、以及证监会的相关规定在司法实务中衔接运作,但是,同质案件不同判决,屡现司法之乱象。故此,分析司法实务之案例样本,权衡对外担保之各方利益,顺应立法潮流之发展趋势,将《公司法》第16条定性为管理性规范,应是更理性更务实的选择。此外,公司对外担保能力扩权下,应注重担保权人审查义务的制衡设计,明确形式审查标准。唯此,公司对外担保中,股东、债务人、担保权人的权利义务可相互制衡,维系对外担保事宜之规范有效运作。

The norms of corporation external guarantee are stipulated directly by Article 16 of Company Law of the People ＇s Republic of China,which regulate judicial practices jointly with Real Right Law,Contract Law,Guarantee Law and their judicial interpretations and regulations of Securities Regulatory Commission,though there are different results for homogeneous case.On the basis of analysing case samples,comparing all parties＇ benefits and following the main trend of legislation,it is maintained that Article 16 should be deemed as management mandatory norm.It is considered to be more reasonable and practical.In case the guarantee right of corporation expands,the formal examination standard ought to be clarified to balance security holder＇s review obligation.In this way,the rights and obligations of shareholders,debtors and security holders can be balanced and checked to ensure the effectiveness and standardized operation of the corporation＇s external guarantee.