人的尊严的宪法含义——从比较法视角解析

The Concept of Human Dignity in Constitutional Law:In Comparative Perspective

人的尊严作为人的内在价值,是人作为人本来所固有的,并且与个人自由相关联。这种独立个体存在的自我价值,其本身为了个体自我存在而存在着,人的尊严的自由性、平等性决定了人的尊严的普遍性和独特性,其不依赖于外在的价值判断。同时,人的尊严在宪法上的价值更作为其首要价值而存在,这种价值不仅视每个人为拥有内在价值的、有自决自主权利的理性个体,而且其在宪法实施过程中,为国家和他人提出尊重的要求。一个人的尊严的保护程度是衡量一个国家法治化水平的一个标志。

Human dignity was initially as a moral norm exists,has become a universal value.Intrinsic dignity is a presumption of human equality-each person is born with the same quantum of dignity.Moreover,inherent human dignity does not base on external measure for what counts as being dignified or worthy of respect.This value independent of people's survival and exist for individual's existence.The free and equal characteristic of human dignity determine its universality and peculiarity.Meanwhile,as the supreme principle in constitution,human dignity has the concept that everyone has the internal value and the right of self-determination.And it demands each country or individual should have an obligation to dignity and humane treatment of others-recognition respect.The degree of protection of human dignity levels the legal system of a county.