国际汉语教师课堂话语难度对比研究

A comparative study of discourse difficulty among TCSL teachers with different teaching experiences

教师话语作为组织、管理、指导语言课堂活动的一种教学手段,对语言学习起着至关重要的作用,教师话语的难易度将直接决定学生的理解程度,进而影响课堂教学效果。本文采用课堂观察法,从语速、词汇使用和平均句长等角度对4位国际汉语教师的话语难度进行统计分析,研究发现,新手教师的话语存在偏难或偏易的情况,而熟手和专家对自身话语的难度有比较清晰的认识,他们能够针对学生水平选择难度合适的话语。论文最后对如何促进教师话语的可懂输入也提出了若干建议。

As a teaching method to organize,manage and guide language classroom activities,teacher talk plays a crucial role in the students' language acquisition.The difficulty of teacher talk will directly influence the degree of the students' understanding and the results of classroom teaching.This paper has adopted the classroom observation method to statistically analyze the discourse difficulty of four Chinese teachers with different teaching experiences from the perspective of speech speed,vocabulary usage and the mean length of utterance.The study has found that novice teachers' discourses are not very appropriate for the improvement of the students' language proficiency,either too easy or too difficult,while skilled teachers or expert teachers are able to choose more appropriate discourses according to the language level of their students because they have a relatively clear understanding of their own utterance.It finally puts forward suggestions on the improvement of the comprehensible input in teacher talk.