近40年青藏高原湖泊环境变化遥感分析研究

Analysis on Changes for Remote Sensing in Tibetan Plateau Lakes During Recent 40 Years

利用高分一号多光谱影像,提取高原上面积大于1 km2的湖泊,并结合两次全国湖泊调查数据集及气象资料,对1975年至2015年湖泊变化及其环境影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:2015年青藏高原1 km2以上湖泊个数共计1 210个,自1975年以来整体呈扩张趋势;雅鲁藏布江流域由于蒸发量的增大湖泊面积呈下降趋势;西藏内流区由于降水量的增加、蒸发量的减少和温度升高引起冰川融化,导致湖泊面积持续扩张。为青藏高原湖泊变化及对环境气候波动的响应等研究提供参考。

Using high marks a multispectral image, lakes with an area larger than 1 km2 are selected as the research target. Combining the two lakes national survey data and meteorological data, the change of lakes and its environmental impact factors from 1975 to 2015 are analyzed. The results show that there are 1210 lakes with an area larger than 1 km2 on Qinghai - Tibet plateau in 2015, rising since 1975. The increasing evaporation of Yarlung Zangbo River Basin leads to declining water body are-as. Inside Tibet, rising precipitation, dropping evaporation and rising temperature are melting the glaciers, so the area of lakes continued to expand. This study provides reference for the future studies on lakes change and environmental climate change re-search on Qinghai - Tibet Plateau.