农业面源污染防治措施进展研究

Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Prevention Measures

随着城市生活污水和工业废水等点源污染得到控制,农业面源污染的危害日益凸显。将对目前的农业面源污染防治技术以及未来的发展进行阐述,将从源头减量、传输过程的阻断与拦截、养分的回收利用以及水体的生态修复面源污染物传输四个环节分别论述。源头控制主要采用减少化肥的施用量和水土流失等实现,传输过程的阻断与拦截以及养分的回收利用主要通过将径流引入人工或自然湿地等实现,水体的生态修复主要通过生态浮床技术等暂时强化技术与植物修复技术等长效修复技术相结合的方式实现。

While point-source pollution such as urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are getting under control, the harm of agricultural non-point source pollution is increasing highlighted.The article presents the agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control technology and its development in the future, which is discussed from four aspects：source reduction, blocking and interception in the process of transmission, nutrient recycling and ecological restoration of water body.Source reduction mainly adopts reducing fertilizer application and soil erosion.The blocking and interception in the process of transmission and the recycling of nutrients are mainly achieved by introducing runoff into artificial or natural wetland, the ecological restoration of water body is realized mainly through the combination of temporary strengthening technology such as ecological floating bed technology and plant repair technology.