中国臭氧浓度的时空变化特征及分区

Spatial and seasonal variation and regionalization of ozone concentrations in China

采用旋转经验正交函数(REOF)法分析了2016年中国338城市臭氧浓度的时空变化特征,根据2016年污染季节(5月至10月)的REOF分析结果,确定出10个具有明显同比变化的区域,不同区域间臭氧浓度的时间变化趋势彼此独立,受到当地地形因素、气象条件、光化学反应等因素的影响.10个区域中,除华南地区和青藏高原外其他地区2014年至2016年臭氧日最大8小时浓度(O3-8h)均呈上升趋势.臭氧分区受到地形地貌特征的影响较大,显示出地形和地貌对臭氧空间相关性的重要影响.黄淮平原、华北平原、长江中下游地区等3个人口稠密区域臭氧浓度较高,应该作为臭氧污染控制战略的重点区域.

The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of daily maximum eight-hour average ozone concentrations(O3-8 h) from 338 cities in China during 2016 were analyzed by rotated empirical orthogonal function(REOF) analysis. Based on the results of REOF analysis focusing on pollution seasons(May to October) in 2016, ten regions were identified in China. The temporal variation patterns of ozone in each region were independent with each other, affected by local meteorological, photochemical or pollution features. A rising trend for annual averaged O3-8 h was observed during 2014 to 2016 for all regions, except for South China region and the Tibetan Plateau. The regionalization results of ozone were found to be influenced greatly by terrain features, indicating significant terrain and landforms effects on ozone spatial correlations. Among the 10 regions, Huanghuai Plain, the North China Plain, Central Yangtze River Plain were realized as priority regions for mitigation strategies, due to their higher ozone concentrations and densely population.