儿童急性呼吸道感染9种病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

Analysis of IgM antibody test results of nine pathogens in children with acute respiratory infection

目的分析本地区儿童急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体及流行情况,为儿童呼吸道感染的诊疗提供依据。方法采用间接免疫荧光法检测医院门诊及住院呼吸道感染患儿1 510例血清标本中:嗜肺军团菌血清1型(LP1)、肺炎支原体(MP)、Q热立克次体(Qc)、肺炎衣原体(CP)、腺病毒(Ad V)、呼吸合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)和副流感病毒(PIVs)等9种病原体的Ig M抗体的检出情况。结果 1 510例患儿标本共检出阳性病例387例,阳性率为25.63%,共检出病原体483例。9种病原体Ig M抗体检测总阳性率最高的为MP 17.88%(270/1 510)、其次为IFVB 11.32%(171/1 510),其余由高到低排列顺序为PIVS(1.59%)、CP(0.33%)、Ad V(0.26%)、RSV(0.26%)、IFVA(0.26%)、LP1(0.20%)、Qc(0.13%);混合感染96例占6.36%(96/1 510),以MP+IFVB最为常见占4.97%(75/1 510);不同性别检出阳性率比较无显著差异性(P>0.05);1~14岁均为易感儿童,与<1岁组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);冬季检出阳性率最高,夏季最低,冬、夏季检出阳性率分别与其他季节比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本地区急性呼吸道感染患儿以MP、IFVB为主,且MP+IFVB易合并感染,因此临床应做好儿童呼吸道感染的预防工作。

Objective To analyze lhe main pathogens and epidemic situation of children with acute respiratory infection in this region, and lo provide evidence for lhe diagnosis and treatment of respiratory lracl infection in children. Methods The indirect immunofluorescence assay was used lo detect IgM antibody of nine pathogens in 1 510 cases children with acute respiratory infection in oulpalienl and inpalienl department, including lhe legionella pneumophila serotype 1 strains （ LP1）, mycoplasma pneumonia （MP）, rickellsia burneli （Qc）, chlamydia pneumonia （ CP）, adenovirus （ AdV）, respiratory syncytial virus （ RSV）, influenza A virus （ IFVA）, influenza B virus （ IFVB） and parainfluenza virus （ PIVs）. Results Three- hundred and eighly-seven of 1510 cases of children were checked oul as positive samples, lhe positive rale was 25.63%, a lolal of 483 pathogens were checked oul. The highesl-posilive rale of nine pathogens IgM antibody was MP 17.88% （270/1 510）, lhe second was IFVB of 11.32% （171/1510）, lhe rest from high lo low order were PIVs （1.59%）, CP （0.33%）,AdV （0.26%）, RSV（0.26%）, IFVA （0.26%）, LP1 （0.20%）, Qc （0.13%） respectively. Ninly-six cases were mixed infection, accounted for 6.36% （96/1510）, lhe most common mixed infection was MP＋IFVB, accounted for 4.97% （75/1510）. There was no significant difference in positive rale between male and female （P 〉0.05）. The age of children who were 1 lo 14 years were susceptible, compared lo lhal of 1 year old group, and lhe difference was slalislically significant （ P 〈0.05）. The positive rale was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and lhe differences of positive rale between winter and summer and other seasons were slalislically significant （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion For children with acute respiratory lracl infection in this region, MP, IFVB, and MP＋IFVB are more easier lo be infected. Therefore some clinical work should be done lo prevent respiratory lracl infection in children.