广府洪拳师承脉络的历史与现实

The History and Reality of Guangfu Hongquan Inheritance Relationship

洪拳(洪家拳)作为南拳"洪、刘、蔡、李、莫"五大拳种之首,其名称的来源、拳种的形成、师承脉络一直不断的被追问与探寻,文章主要从以广府洪拳着手通过文献资料法、田野调查法、专家访谈法等方法与手段从师承脉络历史和现实两方面对广府洪拳流传较广的几种说法进行整理与传承进行详细研究。得出以下结论:(1)洪拳是洪门弟子习练的拳,是在清朝期间反清复明天地会组织(洪门)假借少林寺的名义传习的拳种,主要是宣传反清复明的思想,通过习练拳术传递信息拉拢势力。(2)洪拳明末清初传入广东,在广东团练兴起时洪门弟子带头团练而广泛在广东传播,在三元里抗英中获胜而名声大噪,黄飞鸿及其徒弟在发扬光大。(3)关于广府洪拳从黄飞鸿后有了明确的师承脉络。(4)洪拳在发展与传承过程中遭遇颇多挫折。(5)洪拳没有正宗,只有传统。

Hong Quan （hung gar kuen） as the first one of ＂Hong, Lliu, Cai, Lee and Mo ＂five major schools of Nanchuan, its name origin, its formation and its inheritance history have been pressed and exploring. This paper starts from Guangfu Hong Quan with literature review, field investigation, expert interview and other methods and means, to study from the inheritance history of masters and the reality of Guangfu Hong Quan widely circulated order and inheritance about some of the detailed researches, and draws the following conclusions： （1） Hongquan is practiced by Hongmen fellows, is heaven and earth society spread Wushu conten with the name of Shaolin Temple during the period of the Qing Dynasty, by practicing Wushu to form relations with the people who have the same intention to fight against the Qing government; （2） Hongquan was populare in Guangdong in the time between the late of Ming dynasty and the early of Qing Dynasty, Hongmen fellows backed the civil corps and spread Wushu Hongquan in Guangdong, and was famous in Sanyuan fight with England Military troops, and Hong Feihong with his students had the Hongquan loved by more people; （3） Guangfu Hongquan formed a clear teacher-student relation history since Huang Feihong; （4） Hongquan suffered many setbacks in the process of development and inheritance; （5） Hongquan is without authentic, only tradition.