轮轨激励下高速列车齿轮箱箱体振动特性分析研究

Vibration Characteristics Analysis of Gearbox Housing System of High-speed Train Subjected to Wheel-rail Excitation

齿轮箱装置作为高速动车组牵引系统的重要传动设备,在运用过程中承受来自于轮轨激励的冲击作用。为探索高速列车齿轮箱箱体在轮轨激励下的振动特性,在武广客运专线对箱体进行线路试验,获得箱体在新轮和磨耗轮2种状态下的振动特性,并通过加速度幅值谱和定义等效加速度幅值的方法对比分析振动信号。试验结果表明,箱体在列车磨耗轮状态下的加速度振动幅值要低于新轮状态,其中横向、垂向振动幅值分别降低50%和67%,一定程度的磨耗改善该型箱体的振动特性;应用等效加速度幅值法获取箱体不同部位之间的振动关系,数据分析结果验证该方法的有效性和适用性。该研究对确保高速列车传动系统运用安全和箱体新型结构的设计提供参考。

Gearbox device,as the important transmission equipment of the traction system of high-speed electric multiple unit（EMU）,suffers the impact mainly from the wheel-rail excitation.In order to study the vibration characteristics of gearbox housing of a high-speed train under the wheel-rail excitation,a running test on gearbox housing was carried out at Wuhan-Guangzhou passenger dedicated line.The vibration characteristics of the housing system were obtained under new wheel and the worn wheel scenarios.The vibration signals were analyzed with the acceleration amplitude spectrum and the method of defining equivalent acceleration amplitude.The results show that the acceleration vibration amplitude of the gearbox housing under the state of worn wheels is lower than that under the new wheels,where the horizontal and vertical vibration amplitudes were reduced by 50% and 67% respectively.A certain degree of wear has improved vibration characteristics of the gearbox.The equivalent acceleration amplitude method was used to obtain the vibration relationship between different parts of gearbox.Data analysis verified the validity and applicability of this method.This study is helpful to ensure the operational safety of the transmission system of high speed train and provides a reference for the design of the new housing.