近年来中国水稻品种审定和推广应用的几个特点

Several Features of Approval and Promotion of Rice Varieties in Recent Years in China

综合分析了近10年国家审定水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种主要性状指标,结果表明,品种的综合性状得到较大程度提升,其中稻米品质优质化率不断提高,但对稻瘟病等病(虫)害的抗性水平未有明显提升;结合近年的水稻主要品种推广情况进行分析表明,两系杂交水稻品种综合性状表现优良,相比其他类型水稻品种具有一定优势,在近20年中取得了跨越式发展,已成为生产上应用的最主要品种类型,籼粳中间型杂交水稻也在近10年中取得了长足发展。并对下一步水稻品种选育、试验审定和推广等问题进行了讨论。

A comprehensive analysis of main characteristics of national approval rice （Oryza saliva L.） varieties in resent 10 years was conducted. The results showed that, the comprehensive characters of rice varieties were obviously improved,and the number of rice varieties with high quality increased. But the level of rice blast resistance has not obviously improved. The analysis of promotion status of rice varieties showed that, the comprehensive characters of two-line hybrid rice were good and better than other type rice,achieved leapfrog development in recent 20 years,and became main cultivar in production. Indica- y’ a责燥灶 ica intermediate hybrid rice got rapidly development in recent 10 years. The problem affecting the breeding,approval and promotion of rice varieties were also discussed.