社区社会工作的主体选择:社区居委会与民办社工机构的定位及关系分析

Executor of Community Social Works: Analysis on the Orientation and Relationship between Community Neighborhood Committees and Private Social Institutions

社区社会工作是一种较宏观的社会工作方法,关注的是整个社区的发展和社区问题的解决。本文所要分析和回答的问题是社区社会工作由什么样的主体来承担更加合适?社区居委会与民办社工机构的定位与关系应该是怎样的?从目前来看,社区居委会和民办社工机构各存利弊。正是社区居委会劣势的存在,使得此时以社区社会工作为定位、以专业化为导向的社工机构进入社区有其必要性。但社区居委会也有常驻社区、根植于社区等优势;而民办社工机构虽然在专业化等方面更具有优势,但也存在着外来者身份以及自身尚不成熟等劣势。从长期来看,社区居委会和民办社工机构可能都将面临着转型与重新定位。政府则应在积极推动各因素有利变化的基础上,做好居委会能力评估,并相应采取不同的政策支持。

bThe question to be answered in this paper is who can be the more appropriate executor of community social works： community Committees,or professional social work institutions？ For now,community committees and professional social work institutions kept the pros and cons. It is just because of the presence of community committee＇s disadvantage,so at this time there is necessity for the community social work institutions to enter into the community. But community committees also have permanent community,rooted in the community, and other advantages; and professional social work institutions although have more advantages in specialization,but there are also many disadvantages,such as outsider status,immaturity,and so on.