遮诠与表诠研究——以《因明大疏》为中心

A Study of Apoha and Siddha Based on Yinmingdashu

印度佛教因明学上,陈那提出了极富特色的"遮诠"说,遮余诠此,即通过对其相反事物的遮遣来表显一个事物。汉传佛教慈恩宗承接印度佛教因明思想,窥基在《因明大疏》中沿用了陈那的这一说法,但仅仅是只遮而不表,别无所显。此外又提出了"表诠"说,近似于陈那的遮诠义。慧沼在《因明大疏》的续写部分,将遮诠与表诠合用,构建"遮表"说。三者的表述,既有一脉相承之处,又在各自展开后形成差异。就此理论,格鲁派量论关于"非遮"和"无遮"的区分中有着更为相似的详尽论证。此外,窥基对比认为,因明与中道大乘关于共相的遮表是不同的。

In Hetuvidyā,Dignāga put forward a characteristic theory of apoha. Kuiji Continued to use it,and also brought about siddha in Yinmingdashu. Huizhao proposed a theory of negation and affirmation in last section of this book. Comparing these,we can find there are differences and samenesses. Moreover,Kuiji thought there was also difference in apoha and siddha about sāmānyalaks.an.a between Hetuvidyā and Yinmingdashu.