涪陵页岩气田绿色开发的实践与探索

Practice and Research of Green Development in Fuling Shale Gas Field

中国页岩气资源丰富,绿色高效开发是我国生态文明建设大背景下页岩气行业持续健康发展的必然要求。在调查研究涪陵页岩气勘探开发实践的基础上,发现涪陵页岩气开发面临的环保挑战主要体现在人地矛盾突出、水污染与控制难度大、钻井固废处理处置问题、废水处理问题及环境监管难度大等方面。为实现页岩气开发经济、社会和环境效益的协调发展,涪陵页岩气示范区通过技术和管理创新形成了以"土地集约化利用、绿色钻井工艺、环境友好型压裂试采、钻屑无害化处理及资源化利用、废水循环利用"为核心的绿色开发技术集成,减少了碳排放,做到了废水零排放,固体废物减量化、无害化及资源化,节约了用地、用水,降低了能耗、物耗及工程成本,实现了区域水环境的有效保护,为国内页岩气绿色高效开发发挥了重要的示范和指导作用。

China is abundant in shale gas resources; its green and efficient development is the inevitable requirements for the sustainable development of the shale gas industry in the context of ecological civilization construction. Extensive investigations and studies found that the environmental challenges of shale gas development in Fuling mainly include the contradictions between human and land, the difficulties in water pollution control, the treatment and disposal of wasted drilling remains and water, and environmental regulation. To achieve the coordinated development of economic, society and environmental benefits, Fuling shale gas demonstration area, through technology innovation and management innovation, has developed integrated green development technologies characteristic of 'intensive use of land, green drilling technology, environment friendly fracturing and testing and recovery, bio-safety disposal of drilling wastes, resource utilization and recycling of waste water',which reduces carbon emissions,realizes zero discharges of wasted water and minimizes the harm to resources,and reduces the costs of water, land, energy and material consumption and engineering cost. This provides the regional water environments with an effective protection, and serves as a model and standardized guidance in green and efficient shale gas exploration and development in China.