庄子“逍遥游”义辨——以《庄子》内篇为基础

Differentiation of the Meaning of the "the Happy Excursion" of Chuang-Tzu——A Case Study of Inner Chapters of Chuang-Tzu

注家解"逍遥游",多诠"逍遥"为"快乐愉悦""自由自在""无依无待"等义,多注"逍遥游"为超脱功名利欲、艰险困厄诸多限制,至达绝对自由之精神世界的生存状态。考之典籍与《庄子》,结合音义通转情况及时代背景综合辨析,"逍遥"不必为"自由""快乐""无待"之义,而别有"忍受顺适""消灾除患""愉和身心""超拔险恶""成济事功"诸内涵,且这些内涵既合乎庄子道论宗旨,又可在《庄子》寓言中得到确证。"逍遥游"作为庄子倡行的处世方略,既有待世人对本真的坚守,更需要世人勤修笃行自然无为之道,以此顺适险恶而全生葆真,乐观放达而自然作为。

Ancient and modern scholars interpret the 'the happy excursion' of Inner Chapters of Chuang-Tzu as the state of being free,happy, and unconstrained after people are free from the desire for fame and gain, and from dangerous distress.hrough analysis of Chuang-Tzu and other ancient books, we took into consideration the phonetic transformation and background of times, and concluded that 'the happy excursion ' can be interpreted as a strategy of conducting oneself in a dangerous society. That is, in the treacherous times, people should practice Taoism in order to conform to all things, especially the sinister forces, for the sake of getting rid of various disasters and cherishing the simple nature; meanwhile people should live with an optimistic mind, and also act positively according to the law of things. The above connotations are in line with Chuang-Tzu's theory of 'Tao' and are verified in the fables of Chuang-Tzu.