陈献章儒学境界论的散文化表述

Prosaic Expression of Chen Xianzhang's Confucian Realm Theory

陈献章的儒学修养注重心性工夫的磨炼和体悟,而心性磨练与体悟直接关乎儒学修养论中的境界论。陈献章散文中有大量境界论的陈述,并且在文体体性约束之下,于书信、序跋、记三种主要文体的文章中呈现出叙述内容类型化、叙述语言散文化的特点,一方面在内容上体现为和出仕之人生选择对立的儒学修养境界、契合理学生命境界的人生态度、从理想化精神状态描述入手的修养方式;另一方面在散文语言上,陈献章选用雅健自然的文风来配合境界论的表现,彰显着浩然健逸的修养境界自信。

The Ming Dynasty Confucian scholar Chen Xianzhang laid particular emphasis on the cultivation of character and mind,and the tempering of character and enlightenment are directly related to the Confucian theory of realms.There are a large number of statements on realms in Chen Xianzhang's prose writings.Under the constraint of literary forms,the content of his letters,prefaces,and narrations is characterized by categorization and the style is prose-like.On the one hand,the content reflects his views of Confucian self-cultivation realm and accords with the attitude to life of Neo-Confucianism,and his writings described the basic approaches to personal cultivation in an idealized spiritual state;on the other hand,in terms of language,Chen used a vigorous and natural style to match the representation of his theory of realms,highlighting his confidence in his sound and wholesome cultivation realms.