旅游景区收费体制设计研究

Study on the Design of Scenic Spots' Charging System

现阶段,我国景区收费水平高、调价幅度大、管理不规范等乱象屡禁不止。景区收费体制中存在种种缺陷:多头管理争权诿责、属地管理利益合谋、法律法规不完善、价格监管不到位、景区收支管理不规范等。这不但使收费乱象得不到有效遏制,甚至还加剧了问题的恶化。其深层次的制度性根源,是财政分权体制下财权事权不匹配和国有产权下委托—代理问题难以约束。针对收费体制出现的突出问题,本文建议从构建统一有效的组织机构、上收管理和定价权限、完善法律法规、加强价格监管、规范收支管理制度和发展模式转型升级等方面进行制度设计和改进。

As China＇s economic development faces ~new normal~ , it becomes more important for tourism industry to play a role in expanding domestic demand, pushing economic growth, increasing employment, reducing poverty and improving the living conditions of the people. Currently, China＇s scenic spots are facing endless problem of the high level of price, big rise in price and irregular management. The charging system is flawed, government authorities scrambling for power and shirking responsibility, local governments conspire with authorities of scenic spots for interests, the laws and regulations regarding the franchise are far from perfection, price regulation is ineffective, revenue and expenditure management is out of control. These flaws of charging system result in or even deteriorate the scenic spots＇ problems of charging, dissatisfied the public. The deep-seated institutional root is the mismatching of financial rights and duties of expenditure as well as the hardship of solving principal-agent problems under state-owned property rights. To solve the problem of charging system, we suggest setting up unified and effective government authority; transferring the power of management and pricing to governments of higher levels; improving and perfecting laws and regulations; reinforcing price regu lation;strengthening the control of revenue and expenditure management; transforming and upgrading development mode.