杏专用肥施用时期和用量对杏产量、品质的影响

Effects of Applying Period and Amount of Apricot Special Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Apricot

作者以辽宁省果树科学研究所已选育和引进的极早熟杏品种‘骆驼黄’、仁用杏新品种‘国仁’和‘丰仁’为试材,通过连续3年(2014—2016年)的田间定位试验,研究杏专用肥施用时期及施用量对杏产量及品质的影响。研究结果表明,随着杏树专用肥施用量的增加,‘骆驼黄’杏的单果重和产量逐渐增加,以株施2.25 kg处理的产量最高,株施2.00 kg处理的单果重最高;维生素C含量以株施2.0 kg处理的最高。‘丰仁’杏春、秋2次施肥(春1/3、秋2/3)叶片营养及果仁产量和质量指标明显高于春季、夏季和秋季1次施肥处理的。综合比较各项产量和质量指标,认为株施杏专用肥2.0~2.25 kg为最佳施用量,春、秋2次施肥为最适施用时期。

Using the introduction of very early apricot cultivar ＇Luotuohuang＇apricot,new varieties ＇Benevolence＇and＇Fengren＇which was selected by Liaoning Institute of Pomology as test material,the effects of fertilizer application amount and period of apricot the yield and quality of apricot were studied through 3 consecutive years （2014--2016） in the field experiment. The results showed that with the increase of apricot special fertilizer, ＇Luotuohuang＇ apricot fruit weight and .yield increased and the treatment of 2.25 kg applying fors got the highest yield,plant fertilizer 2.0 kg weight is highest,the content of vitamin C of 2.0 kg treatment was the highest. Leaf nutrition and kernel yield and quality index with two times fertilization （spring 1/3 and autumn 2/3）L were significantly higher than those in spring,summer and autumn with one times. Comprehensive comparison of each yield and quality index showed that the optimum fertilization rate was 2.0-2.25 kg for the application of apricot special fertilizer,and the two time of spring and autumn fertilization was the optimum period of application.