言语实践:儿童母语学习的应然形态与路径

Speech Practice and Children's Native Language Learning

"实践性"是《义务教育语文课程标准》(2011年版)所揭示的语文课程特性之一,也应当成为语文教学的基本思想。但是,无论是日常教学还是公开课,"讲课文"依然大行其道,"坐听学习"仍是主要形式。设计、实施情境化的言语实践活动是突破"讲课文"低效率、学生学习被动现状的重要方法,也是儿童母语学习的应然形态与基本途径。儿童在积极的言语实践活动中,以言语能力为核心的母语素养得到较好的培养和发展,同时,对母语的情感与态度也发生了积极的变化。

Practicality is one of the Chinese characters revealed in 2011 Compulsory Educational Chinese Curriculum Criterion, and it should be the basic thought of Chinese teaching. However, both daily teaching and example lessons put much emphasis on text teaching and explanation, in which sitting and learning is the main style. The important way of breaking text-learning ineffi ciency and students' passiveness is to design and implement situational speech practical activities, and it is also the basic approach and the should-be pattern for children's native language learning. Their language literacy centering on speech ability can be better cultivated and developed in practice with their emotion of and attitude to their own language changing for the better.