HPV与喉癌研究新进展

HPV and New Research Progress of Laryngocarcinoma

头颈部肿瘤(Head and Neck Cancer,HNC)包括口腔,咽部,鼻腔以及喉部的肿瘤,拥有较高的发病率和复杂的发病机制。而在所有头颈部肿瘤中,喉癌占所有恶性肿瘤中的3%以上,是全球第六大最常见的恶性肿瘤,因此喉癌在所有HNC中应受到特殊的关注。人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)是小的双链DNA病毒。已有大量研究表明HPV感染与多种肿瘤的发生及预后密切相关。而目前HPV感染对HNC,尤其是对于口咽部肿瘤的致癌作用和临床意义引起学者们的重视,但是HPV感染对喉癌的作用目前尚未阐明。因此我们回顾了近年来关于HPV感染与喉癌相关性及其潜在致癌性的研究。尽管目前对于HPV在喉癌中的检出率多中心研究结果存在一定差异,但初步的研究已经表明HPV高危亚型的感染,如HPV16和HPV18等,与喉癌的发生存在一定的相关性,HPV病毒DNA与肿瘤细胞存在基因整合,同时喉癌细胞中P16的表达增高。但针对HPV感染后导致的相关疾病的预防及可行的精准性治疗措施目前尚不十分明确,还有待于进一步研究。

Head and Neck Cancer （HNC）, including tumors in oral cavity, pharyngeal, nasal cavity and laryngeals, which has a high prevalence and complex pathogenesis. Whereas, laryngocarcinoma is the world＇s sixth common form of malignant tumors and accounts for over 3% of malignant HNCs. Therefore, laryngocarcinoma should be given particular attention in HNCs. Human papillomavirus （HPV） belongs to small double strands DNA virus. Previous studies have reported that HPV infection is associated with the occurrence and the prognosis of different tumors. Recently, the role of HPV infection to the carcinogenesis and clinical significance of HNC, especially to tumors in pharynx oralix has attracted a variety of scholars＇ concern. However, the role of HPV infection to laryngocarcinoma has not been defined. We reviewed the correlation of HPV infection and laryngocarcinoma, and the potential carcinogen effects of I-IPV infection. Although there were differences in the relevance ratio of HPV infection in laryngocarcinoma in different research teams, preliminary studies have indicated that the infection of high risk HPV subtypes, such HPV 16 and HPV 18, exist a certin correlation of the occurrence rate of laryngocarcinoma. DNA of HPV virus integrates with the tumor cells, and the expression of p16 was higher in laryngocarcinoma cells. But the prevention and accurate treatment of diseases caused by HPV infection remains unclear, further research is required to clarify the mechanism underlying HPV infection involvement in HNC.