产业科技竞争力的形成机理、指标构建及实证检验——以我国高新技术产业为例

The Formation Mechanism, Index Construction and Empirical Test of Industrial Science and Technology Competitiveness——A Case Study of High Tech Industry in China

金融危机后,美国重提大力发展高新技术战略。目前,一个国家或地区经济发展速度的快慢和发展效果的好坏,在很大程度上取决于高新技术产业科技竞争力的强弱。在分析我国提升高新技术产业科技竞争力的形成机理后,从投入——产出的分析视角构建我国高新技术产业科技竞争力的评价指标体系,最后综合考察构建的指标体系,选取影响我国高新技术产业科技竞争力的决定指标进行实证检验。结果表明,国内研发经费投入对我国高新技术产业科技竞争力提升效果最为显著,国外研发经费投入贡献较小;有效发明专利对我国高新技术产业科技竞争力作用较为明显,但人力资本和新增固定资产对我国高新技术产业科技竞争力提升作用可以忽略不计甚至是负面的,这可能是我国科技成果转化率低的原因。

After the financial crisis, the United States recalled the development of high and new technology strategy. At present, the speed of economic development and the effect of the development of a country or region, to a large extent, depend on the strength of science and technology competitiveness of high-tech industry. This paper firstly analyzes the formation mechanism of our country to improve the competitiveness of high tech industry, and then from the perspective of the construction of the input-output technology competitiveness of China's high-tech industry evaluation index system, the index system of the last comprehensive research of the construction of the index, decide the effect of science and technology competitiveness of China's high-tech industry for empirical research. The results show that domestic R & D expenditure on science and technology competitiveness of China's high-tech industry to enhance the effect of the most significant, with less investment of foreign R & D funding invention patents; role of high tech industry competitiveness in China is obvious, but the human capital and new fixed assets to enhance the competitiveness of science and technology of China's high-tech industries can be neglected. Even negative, this may be the reason for the low conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements in China.