晚清期刊中的科学分类识进初探

The Preliminary Study on the Cognition of Science Classification in Late Qing Dynasty Periodicals

科学分类既是人们科学认知深化的结果,也是人们科学水准的客观反映。作为新型的大众传媒,晚清期刊为传介科学分类问题提供了良好的公共舆论空间。在晚清科学分类体系的建构上,早期传教士报人是中介,维新报人与辛亥报人是主体,他们从不同角度与标准对科学进行了分类,这些分类具有外源性、自主性与无限性、渐进性与多样化、局限性与进步性的特征。晚清是近代中国科学分类的萌芽期。

The classification of science is not only the result of people's deepening science cognition,but also the objective reflection of people's science level. In the Late Qing Dynasty,as the model of the mass media,periodicals provided a good public space for spreading science classification. In the construction of scientific classification system in Late Qing Dynasty,the early missionaries' journalists were intermediary. Both the journalists in Wu Xu Reform and Xin Hai Revolution were the main body. The scientific classification was based on different angles and standards,which had the special of exogenous,autonomy,gradualness,diversity and progress characteristics. Late Qing Dynasty was an embryonic period of the classification of science in modern China.