葫芦岛市13类市售食品微生物监测分析

Analysis of monitoring of 13 kinds of commercially available food microorganisms in Huludao City

目的调查分析葫芦岛市市售食品卫生质量情况,统计本市疏于监管的食品卫生方向,进行风险评估与预测,为下一步规定的制定和实施提供依据。方法在2016年1月~2016年12月期间于葫芦岛市的6个不同地区的不同地点采集13类样品195例,根据相关规定对沙门菌、致泻大肠埃希菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、阪崎杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌检测、铜绿假单胞菌8种致病菌进行微生物的分离培养以及生物鉴定。结果 13类195例样品共检出微生物54例,其检出比例为27.69%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌的检出比例较高;不同种类食品之间微生物检出比例间差异具有统计学意义(X^2=57.902,P<0.05),其中发酵乳、火腿和烧烤肉的微生物安全性较高,生禽肉、生畜肉和面包糕点的检出比例甚高;各种微生物的检出在不同地区间比较差异无统计学意义(X^2=10.725,P>0.05),但龙港区和南票区的检出率相对较高;微生物的检出比例在各个季度间比较差异具有统计学意义(X^2=68.120,P<0.01),其中第二、三季度的检出率较高,其检出比例分别高达41.54%和51.32%。结论葫芦岛市食品微生物检出率高,生冷制品的卫生存在安全隐患,应进一步加大监管力度;第二、三季度的微生物检出率高,应加强防范。

Objective To investigate and analyze the quality of food sold in Huludao City, and to count the city's food hygiene supervision and regulation, risk assessment and prediction, so as to provide the basis for the formulation and implementation of the next step. Methods 13 samples of 195 cases were collected from different locations of the 6 regions in Huludao City from January 2016 to December 2016, and according to relevant regulations, the salmonella, purging Escherichia coli, lester's disease, vibrio parahaemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, bacterium coli, Bacillus cereus were detected, and 8 kinds of pathogenic bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were underwent the Isolation, culture and identification of microorganisms. Results 195 samples of 13 cases were detected that there were 54 cases of microorganisms, the detection rate was 27.69%, which the detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus, Lester and Bacillus cereus was higher; there was significant difference in the proportion of microbial detection among different kinds of foods(X^2=57.902, P<0.05). The fermented milk, ham and roast meat had higher microbial safety, and the proportion of raw poultry meat, raw meat and bread cakes was very high; There was no significant difference in the detection of various microorganisms in different regions(X^2=10.725, P>0.05). But Longgang and Nanpiao District detection rate was relatively high; there was significant difference in the detection rate of microorganisms in each quarter(X^2=68.120, P<0.01), which the detection rate was higher in the second and the three quarter, and the detection rates respectively were as high as 41.54% and 51.32%. Conclusion The detection rate of food microorganism in Huludao City are high, and there are security risks in the cold health products, so we should further intensify supervision; And the high rate of microbial detection in the Second and Third quarter, it also should strengthen prevention.