海军战略转型期特勤人员两周患病情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of two-week prevalence of special service personnel in naval strategic transformation period

目的调查分析海军战略转型期特勤人员的健康状况,分析其两周患病情况及变化趋势,有针对性地做好医疗卫生保障工作。方法抽取海军某部共761名特勤人员为研究对象,采用现场问卷调查的方式调查两周患病情况,以2004年海军特勤调查数据作为对照组进行比较分析。结果不同时期海军特勤人员两周患病率及疾病构成差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),本次调查海军特勤人员两周患病率为41.13%(313/761),高于2004年海军部队卫生服务调查中特勤人员的32.26%(349/1 082);骨骼肌肉系统疾病、神经系统疾病两周患病率均高于2004年,皮肤结缔组织疾病两周患病率低于2004年(P均<0.01)。不同类别的海军特勤人员两周患病率及疾病构成差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),潜水员两周患病率最高(64.21%,61/95),其次是潜艇艇员(41.12%,213/518),飞行员(26.35%,39/148)最低。潜水员骨骼肌肉系统疾病、神经系统疾病、眼耳鼻喉口腔疾病的两周患病率较高。结论海军战略转型期,特勤人员两周患病率升高;常见病、多发病的发病率降低,职业相关疾病的发病率升高;潜水员两周患病率高且疾病谱体现出明显的职业相关性。

Objective To investigate and analyze the health status of special service personnel in the naval strategic transformation period,and to analyze their two-week prevalence and the changing trends,so as to provide pertinent medical and health care.Methods A total of 761 navy special service personnel were selected for this study.The twoweek prevalence rate and the severity of diseases were investigated by on-site questionnaire survey,with the data of naval special service personnel investigation as in 2004 used control.Results There were significant differences in the two-week prevalence rate and disease composition of naval special service personnel in different periods and different categories.The two-week prevalence rate of naval special service personnel in our study was significantly higher than that in 2004 naval special service personnel investigation(41.13% [313/761]vs 32.26% [349/1 082],P<0.01).The two-week prevalence rates of skeletal muscle system diseases and neurological diseases were significantly higher those that in 2004(P<0.01),and the two-week prevalence rate of connective tissue disease in skin was lower than that in 2004(P<0.01).Divers had the highest two-week prevalence(64.21%,61/95),followed by submarine crew(41.12%,213/518),and the lowest was the pilot(26.35%,39/148).The two-week prevalence rates of skeletal muscle system diseases,nervous system diseases and ears,nose,ihroat and oral diseases of divers were higher.Conclusion The twoweek prevalence rate of naval special service personnel is increased during the naval strategic transformation period.The morbidity of common and frequent diseases is decreased,while the morbidity of occupational-related diseases is increased.Divers have a high two-week prevalence rate,with a significant occupational relevance.