新型环三磷腈阻燃剂的研究进展

Research process of novel cyclotriphosphazene flame retardants

综述了新型环三磷腈阻燃剂的研究进展,主要包括含有苯胺基或苯氧基、不饱和键、羟基、氨基、硅等不同官能团的环三磷腈衍生物的合成及阻燃机理,总结了其应用领域及存在的优缺点。尽管磷腈类阻燃剂较传统阻燃剂在性能方面有巨大提升,但也存在合成成本高,硅、不饱和键等侧基对氯原子的取代程度难以控制,以及含苯环取代基添加型阻燃剂添加量大导致的力学性能下降等问题。针对这些问题,降低合成成本、发展新工艺进行规模化生产以及完善理论研究是我国磷腈类阻燃剂未来的研究重点。

This paper introduces the research progress of novel cyclotriphosphazene-based flame retardants,which involve the synthetic process and mechanism of cyclotriphosphazene derivatives containing various functional groups such as phenylamino,phenoxy,unsaturated bonds,hydroxyl,amino group,and silicon. It summarizes the application as well as advantages and disadvantages of these flame-retardants. Though the properties of cyclotriphosphazene-based flame retardants are much better than those of conventional retardants,problems need to be solved such as high costs in synthesis process, substitution to chloride of side-groups such as unsaturated bonds and silicon group, poor mechanical properties caused by adding excessively additive flame retardant containing benzene substituents. Therefore,the hotpot of the research and development tendency of cyclotriphosphazene-based flame retardant in China are costs reduction,new techniques development and industrial production as well as theoretical research.