论约翰·洛克《教育漫话》中的惩罚教育思想

Exploring John Locke's Educational Idea of Punishments in Some Thoughts Concerning Education

约翰·洛克在《教育漫话》中对惩罚这一教育方法阐述得言简意赅。他从惩罚者与被惩罚者两个角度出发,精辟地道出了惩罚的智慧。同时,虽然他深受宗教宽容学说的影响,再三强调应当尽可能地少用或不用惩罚这一手段,但他依旧明确指出了惩罚的必要性,以及惩罚的合理实施方法。以此,为惩罚正名,更为惩罚的执行提供了现实性。惩罚这一传统的教育儿童的方法,今天依旧值得运用。

Perspectives of John Locke in Some Thoughts Concerning Education,briefly but deeply,threw light on punishments,a kind of teaching methods. John greatly elaborated the wit and wisdom of punishments,from people who were punished or punishers' standpoint respectively. On one hand,influenced by the beliefs of religious tolerance,John mentioned repeatedly that we'd better not punish children or students. On the other hand,he still put forward the necessity of punishments,and how to punish others reasonably. Therefore,the word "punishment"is not a negative word. John Locke's thoughts on punishments make us reconsider the definition of"punishment",and come up with some proper ways to punish students nowadays.