基于聚类的黄河上游干流地区滑坡特征研究

Research on Landslide Characteristics in the Main Stream Area of the Yellow River Upper Reaches Based on Clustering

利用2015年Google Earth遥感数据,提取并分析了黄河上游干流地区的滑坡灾害分布情况;采用Ward系统聚类分析法,对坡顶、坡脚、岩性、长度、宽度、厚度、面积、方量、坡度、坡向、年均降雨量、日最大降雨量、原始斜坡坡高和原始斜坡坡度展开研究,并通过数据挖掘,得到了隐含的、潜在的滑坡特征信息;以定性与定量相结合的方法,系统地分析了黄河上游地区滑坡灾害的特征和规律。研究结果表明,(1)研究区的空间展布形态主要包括半圆状、舌状、长弧状、矩形状、三角状、葫芦状和梯形状7种;(2)从空间分布特征上共发现各类滑坡162处,主要集中分布在群科—尖扎盆地;(3)研究区滑坡外在特征和隐含的内在特征十分丰富,经过分析和定义得出偏重环境特征、角度特征、方向特征、单一形状特征和综合形状特征5类特征。

Based on the Google Earth remote sensing data in 2015, the distribution information of landslide disasters in the main stream area of the Yellow River upper reaches was extracted and analyzed. On the basis of this, slope crest, slopetoe, lithology, length, width, thickness, area, volume, slope gradient, slope aspect,the average annual rainfall, the maximum daily rainfall, the height and slope of the original slope were researched by using Ward system clustering analysis method.And the hidden, potential landslide characteristics information was found out by data mining. Combining qualitative methods with quantitative methods, the characteristics and laws of the landslide disasters in the Yellow River upper reaches were systematically studied and analyzed. The results show that(1) there are seven main types of spatial distribution in the study area, such as semicircle, tongueshaped,long arc, rectangular shape, triangle shape, gourd shaped and ladder shape.(2) In the view of spatial distribution of the study area, it is founded that there are162 landslides in all, mainly concentrated in the Qunke-Jianzha Basin.(3) The external characteristics and the hidden characteristics of the landslides in the study area are very rich. Five types of landslide characteristics are obtained through analysis and definition, such as emphasis on environmental characteristics, angle characteristics,directional characteristics, single shape characteristics and comprehensive shape characteristics.