正畸治疗对不同牙周生物型牙槽骨密度变化的临床价值

The Maxillary Alveolar Bone Density Changes around Teeth during Orthodontic Treatment in Patients with Different Periodontal Biotype

目的应用CBCT检测不同牙周生物型牙周健康及慢性牙周病正畸患者整平排齐阶段上颌前牙牙槽骨密度变化.方法随机抽取20例成年女性患者,按不同牙周状况、牙周生物型,牙移动方向进行分组,锥形束CT测量正畸治疗前后上颌前牙牙槽骨密度变化.结果治疗前后,无论牙周状况健康与否骨密度均降低(P<0.05);牙周病组唇向移动在根中腭侧、根尖唇侧骨密度降低比率薄龈型大于厚龈型(P<0.05);薄龈型唇向移动牙周病组在根颈、中部唇侧及根尖部腭侧牙槽骨密度降低比率大于牙周健康组(P<0.05);腭向移动牙周病组在根颈部唇、腭侧降低比率大于牙周健康组(P<0.05);厚龈型唇向移动牙周病组在根颈部唇侧、根中、尖部腭侧牙槽骨密度降低比率大于牙周健康组(P<0.05);腭向移动牙周病组在根中部唇侧降低比率大于牙周健康组(P<0.05).结论正畸治疗可导致牙槽骨密度降低,不同牙周生物型牙槽骨密度降低程度存在差异,在正畸治疗中应予以重视.

Objective To observe the maxillary alveolar bone density changes in patients withmild-to-moderate chronic periodontal disease and different periodontal biotypes at alignment and leveling arch stage.Methods 20 cases of adult female patients were selected randomly and were divided into group in accordance to theperiodontal status , periodontal biotypes and different teeth movement. The maxillary alveolar bone density wasmeasured by Cone beam CT （CBCT ） . Results After treatment,bone mineral density in different periodontalstatus was decreased （ 〈0.05）;reduce periodontal disease to the labial movement in the root apical, labialpalatal bone density ratio was greater than the thickness of thin type gingival type （ 〈0.05）;lower lip to mobilethin gingival periodontal disease group in the root of neck the middle and apical labial and palatal alveolar bonedensity was greater than the ratio of periodontal health group （ 〈0.05）;mobile palatal periodontal disease groupin the root of neck lip,palate side reduction ratio is greater than the periodontal health group （ 〈0.05）;lower lipthickness of gingival and periodontal disease to the mobile group in the labial and root neck in the root, the tip of the palatal bone density was greater than the ratio of periodontal health group （ 〈0.05） ; mobile palatal periodontaldisease group in the root decreased rate was larger than the labial periodontal health group （ 〈0.05） .Conclusions The alveolar bone density may be greatly changed in the periodontal disease group after the levelingand aligning of orthodontic treatment. At the beginning of the orthodontic treatment,we should pay more attention onthe periodontal biotype to avoid maxillary alveolar bone absorbing.